Middle Ages Notes 2

Section 3
The Black Death, bubonic plague, killed 1/3 of the people and it was caused by rat's fleas bitting people.
Section 4
Latin was the main language of educated people, but uneducated people spoke vernacular languages.
Troubadours, traveling singers, song's were one of the first forms of venrnacular literature.
Dante Alighieri and Geoffrey Chaucer were to great vernacular writers.
Few people received an education.
The attempt to bring together faith and reason is called scholasticism.
Peter Abelard was an important philosopher who taught in Paris.
Thomas Aquinas, monk of the Dominican order, was probably the greatest medieval philosopher.
Section 5
In the early 1300s the English king Edward III also held land in France. This made him a vassal to the French king. The fact helped lead to a series of conflicts between England and France called the Hundred Years' War. (1337-1453)
By 1453 Fance had all of England's land exept for Calais.
In England the House of Commons gained more power than the King. They wanted speacial taxes and by the late 1300s, the king wanted their consent on speacial taxes.
The War of the Roses began between the York and Lancaster families for the throne of England. In 1485 Henry Tudor the the house of Lancaster won the war.
In France a fight for the throne began between The House of Burgundy and the house of Orleans. With the help of Joana of Arc, Charles VII of Orleans was crowned king and they drove the English out.
In 1461, Louis XI followed Charles VII as king of France and he made France a powerful monarchy.
Spain became a united nation in 1479 under Ferinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile.
In 1273 a member of the Habsburg family became emperor of Rome. Under the control of the family, they became a larger country and the Habsburg family became the most wealthy in Europe.